snapshot-reference

The snapshot-reference command captures the current state of the reference-url database, which is the source database.

The snapshot-reference command has two modes:

  • When run without options, it gathers the current state of the database and shows a text-based version of the schema to STDOUT.
  • When run with the --snapshot-format=json option, it creates a JSON file that represents the current state of the reference-url database. Alternatively, you can have a YAML-based output by using the --snapshot-format=yaml attribute.

Uses

The snapshot-reference command is typically used when you want to see changes in your source database or keep a record of your current database state.

You can use the output of snapshot-reference with the diff and diff-changelog commands.

Note: It is best practice to use the --snapshot-format=json option for the diff and diff-changelog commands. Otherwise, you will get only a text report of your target database. This text report cannot be used for comparison in the future.

It can also be used to compare:

  • A previous database state to an online database.
  • A previous database state to another snapshot.

Note: Running a diff command by using at least one snapshot.json file is faster than using a diff command with two online databases. However, keep in mind that a snapshot will no longer reflect the current state of the database if the database is changed with the update command or if it is changed manually.

Syntax

To run the snapshot-reference command, specify your driver, classpath, and URL in the Liquibase properties file. For more information, see Create and Configure a liquibase.properties File. You can also specify these properties in your command line.

Then run the snapshot-reference command:

liquibase snapshot-reference

To create a JSON file, add the --snapshot-format=json attribute:

liquibase --output-file=mySnapshot.json snapshot-reference --snapshot-format=json

Parameters

Global parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

--output-file=<string>

File path to where the command output will be written. If not specified, output goes to STDOUT. See --output-file.

 Optional

Command parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

--reference-url=<string>

The JDBC reference database connection URL

 Required

--reference-default-catalog-name=<string>

The reference default catalog name to use for the database connection

 Optional

--reference-default-schema-name=<string>

The reference default schema name to use for the database connection

 Optional

--reference-driver=<string>

The JDBC driver class

 Optional

--reference-driver-properties-file=<string>

The JDBC driver properties file

 Optional

--reference-liquibase-catalog-name=<string>

Reference database catalog to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

--reference-liquibase-schema-name=<string>

Reference database schema to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

--reference-password=<string>

The reference database password.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

--reference-username=<string>

The reference database username.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

--snapshot-filters=<string>

Liquibase Pro 4.26.0+. Controls which types of objects Liquibase includes in the snapshot. Can improve command performance. Specify multiple values in a comma-separated list. Accepted values are: catalog, checkConstraint, column, databasePackage, databasePackageBody, foreignKey, function, index, primaryKey, schema, sequence, storedProcedure, synonym, table, trigger, uniqueConstraint, and view. Default: all types.

 Optional

--snapshot-format=<string>

Output format to use. Creates a file of the specified type that represents the current state of the database. Valid values: JSON, YAML, TXT. Default: TXT.

 Optional

Global parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

globalArgs: { output-file: "<string>" }

File path to where the command output will be written. If not specified, output goes to STDOUT. See --output-file.

 Optional

Command parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

cmdArgs: { reference-url: "<string>" }

The JDBC reference database connection URL

 Required

cmdArgs: { reference-default-catalog-name: "<string>" }

The reference default catalog name to use for the database connection

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-default-schema-name: "<string>" }

The reference default schema name to use for the database connection

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-driver: "<string>" }

The JDBC driver class

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-driver-properties-file: "<string>" }

The JDBC driver properties file

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-liquibase-catalog-name: "<string>" }

Reference database catalog to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-liquibase-schema-name: "<string>" }

Reference database schema to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-password: "<string>" }

The reference database password.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

cmdArgs: { reference-username: "<string>" }

The reference database username.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

cmdArgs: { snapshot-filters: "<string>" }

Liquibase Pro 4.26.0+. Controls which types of objects Liquibase includes in the snapshot. Can improve command performance. Specify multiple values in a comma-separated list. Accepted values are: catalog, checkConstraint, column, databasePackage, databasePackageBody, foreignKey, function, index, primaryKey, schema, sequence, storedProcedure, synonym, table, trigger, uniqueConstraint, and view. Default: all types.

 Optional

cmdArgs: { snapshot-format: "<string>" }

Output format to use. Creates a file of the specified type that represents the current state of the database. Valid values: JSON, YAML, TXT. Default: TXT.

 Optional

Global parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

liquibase.outputFile: <string>

File path to where the command output will be written. If not specified, output goes to STDOUT. See --output-file.

 Optional

Command parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

liquibase.command.referenceUrl: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceUrl: <string>

The JDBC reference database connection URL

 Required

liquibase.command.referenceDefaultCatalogName: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDefaultCatalogName: <string>

The reference default catalog name to use for the database connection

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceDefaultSchemaName: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDefaultSchemaName: <string>

The reference default schema name to use for the database connection

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceDriver: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDriver: <string>

The JDBC driver class

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceDriverPropertiesFile: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDriverPropertiesFile: <string>

The JDBC driver properties file

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceLiquibaseCatalogName: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceLiquibaseCatalogName: <string>

Reference database catalog to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceLiquibaseSchemaName: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceLiquibaseSchemaName: <string>

Reference database schema to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

liquibase.command.referencePassword: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referencePassword: <string>

The reference database password.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

liquibase.command.referenceUsername: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceUsername: <string>

The reference database username.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

liquibase.command.snapshotFilters: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.snapshotFilters: <string>

Liquibase Pro 4.26.0+. Controls which types of objects Liquibase includes in the snapshot. Can improve command performance. Specify multiple values in a comma-separated list. Accepted values are: catalog, checkConstraint, column, databasePackage, databasePackageBody, foreignKey, function, index, primaryKey, schema, sequence, storedProcedure, synonym, table, trigger, uniqueConstraint, and view. Default: all types.

 Optional

liquibase.command.snapshotFormat: <string>

liquibase.command.snapshotReference.snapshotFormat: <string>

Output format to use. Creates a file of the specified type that represents the current state of the database. Valid values: JSON, YAML, TXT. Default: TXT.

 Optional

Global parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.outputFile=<string>

File path to where the command output will be written. If not specified, output goes to STDOUT. See --output-file.

 Optional

Command parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceUrl=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceUrl=<string>

The JDBC reference database connection URL

 Required

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceDefaultCatalogName=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDefaultCatalogName=<string>

The reference default catalog name to use for the database connection

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceDefaultSchemaName=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDefaultSchemaName=<string>

The reference default schema name to use for the database connection

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceDriver=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDriver=<string>

The JDBC driver class

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceDriverPropertiesFile=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceDriverPropertiesFile=<string>

The JDBC driver properties file

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceLiquibaseCatalogName=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceLiquibaseCatalogName=<string>

Reference database catalog to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceLiquibaseSchemaName=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceLiquibaseSchemaName=<string>

Reference database schema to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referencePassword=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referencePassword=<string>

The reference database password.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.referenceUsername=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.referenceUsername=<string>

The reference database username.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotFilters=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.snapshotFilters=<string>

Liquibase Pro 4.26.0+. Controls which types of objects Liquibase includes in the snapshot. Can improve command performance. Specify multiple values in a comma-separated list. Accepted values are: catalog, checkConstraint, column, databasePackage, databasePackageBody, foreignKey, function, index, primaryKey, schema, sequence, storedProcedure, synonym, table, trigger, uniqueConstraint, and view. Default: all types.

 Optional

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotFormat=<string>

JAVA_OPTS=-Dliquibase.command.snapshotReference.snapshotFormat=<string>

Output format to use. Creates a file of the specified type that represents the current state of the database. Valid values: JSON, YAML, TXT. Default: TXT.

 Optional

Global parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

LIQUIBASE_OUTPUT_FILE=<string>

File path to where the command output will be written. If not specified, output goes to STDOUT. See --output-file.

 Optional

Command parameters

Attribute Definition Requirement

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_URL=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_URL=<string>

The JDBC reference database connection URL

 Required

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_DEFAULT_CATALOG_NAME=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_DEFAULT_CATALOG_NAME=<string>

The reference default catalog name to use for the database connection

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_DEFAULT_SCHEMA_NAME=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_DEFAULT_SCHEMA_NAME=<string>

The reference default schema name to use for the database connection

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_DRIVER=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_DRIVER=<string>

The JDBC driver class

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_DRIVER_PROPERTIES_FILE=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_DRIVER_PROPERTIES_FILE=<string>

The JDBC driver properties file

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_LIQUIBASE_CATALOG_NAME=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_LIQUIBASE_CATALOG_NAME=<string>

Reference database catalog to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_LIQUIBASE_SCHEMA_NAME=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_LIQUIBASE_SCHEMA_NAME=<string>

Reference database schema to use for Liquibase objects. Liquibase 4.24.0+.

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_PASSWORD=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_PASSWORD=<string>

The reference database password.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_REFERENCE_USERNAME=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_REFERENCE_USERNAME=<string>

The reference database username.

Tip: It is a best practice to store sensitive data in a Secrets Management tool with Liquibase Pro.

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_FILTERS=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_SNAPSHOT_FILTERS=<string>

Liquibase Pro 4.26.0+. Controls which types of objects Liquibase includes in the snapshot. Can improve command performance. Specify multiple values in a comma-separated list. Accepted values are: catalog, checkConstraint, column, databasePackage, databasePackageBody, foreignKey, function, index, primaryKey, schema, sequence, storedProcedure, synonym, table, trigger, uniqueConstraint, and view. Default: all types.

 Optional

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_FORMAT=<string>

LIQUIBASE_COMMAND_SNAPSHOT_REFERENCE_SNAPSHOT_FORMAT=<string>

Output format to use. Creates a file of the specified type that represents the current state of the database. Valid values: JSON, YAML, TXT. Default: TXT.

 Optional

Note: The username and password attributes are not required for connections and systems which use alternate means of authentication. Also, you can specify database credentials as part of the url attribute.

Using snapshot-reference in the diff-changelog commands

You can use the JSON format snapshot file in the diff and diff-changelog commands. One of the typical workflows is the following:

  1. Make sure your local environment is up-to-date by getting the latest changelog from source control.
  2. Configure the Liquibase properties file to point to a local development database and run the update command to ensure your source database matches the changelog file.
  3. Take a snapshot of the local development database by running the snapshot-reference command:
    4. liquibase --output-file=myschemaSnapshot.json snapshot-reference --snapshot-format=json
  4. Manually change the local development database if needed.
  5. Append changes to the changelog by running the diff-changelog command:
    6. liquibase diff-changelog --reference-url=jdbc:oracle:thin://localhost:9090/mem:test --url="offline:oracle?snapshot=mySnapshot.json"

    Note: If you want to see changes without appending them to the changelog file, add --changelog-file=mydiffchangelog.xml to the diff-changelog command:

    liquibase diff-changelog --reference-url=jdbc:oracle:thin://localhost:9090/mem:test --url="offline:oracle?snapshot=mySnapshot.json" --changelog-file=mydiffchangelog.xml

    Note: The format for the URL is the following: "offline:<db_type>?snapshot=<path/to/snapshot.json>" (with quotes). Use the name of your database type from the list of the supported databases in place of <db_type> and the path relative to where the command is running in place of <path/to/snapshot.json>.

  6. Review the changelog file to ensure that it matches your expectations of the manual changes that were made.
  7. Mark the manual changes as deployed in the local development database by running the changelog-sync command:
    8. liquibase changelog-sync
  8. Commit the changes to the source control.

Liquibase Open Source snapshot-reference categories:

  • Catalog
  • Column
  • Foreign Key
  • Index
  • Primary Key
  • Schema
  • Sequence
  • Unique Constraints
  • View

Liquibase Pro snapshot-reference categories:

  • Package
  • Package Body
  • Procedures
  • Function
  • Trigger
  • Synonyms
  • Check Constraints

When running the snapshot-reference command with the --snapshot-format attribute, the output can be as follows:

Liquibase Community 4.9.1 by Liquibase
Output saved to C:\Users\Amber Williams\Documents\Maven_h2\mySnapshot.json
Liquibase command 'snapshot-reference' was executed successfully.

When running the snapshot-reference command without indicating the --snapshot-format, you receive the following output:

Liquibase Community 4.9.1 by Liquibase
Database snapshot for jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost:9090/mem:integration
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Database type: H2
Database version: 2.1.210 (2022-01-17)
Database user: DBUSER
Included types:
liquibase.structure.core.Catalog
liquibase.structure.core.Column
liquibase.structure.core.ForeignKey
liquibase.structure.core.Index
liquibase.structure.core.PrimaryKey
liquibase.structure.core.Schema
liquibase.structure.core.Sequence
liquibase.structure.core.Table
liquibase.structure.core.UniqueConstraint
liquibase.structure.core.View
Liquibase command 'snapshot-reference' was executed successfully.

The snapshot-reference command produces a JSON file that contains all your objects and places the file in the same directory as your changelog.

Database snapshot for jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost:9090/mem:integration
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Database type: H2
Database version: 2.1.210 (2022-01-17)
Database user: DBUSER
Included types:
liquibase.structure.core.Catalog
liquibase.structure.core.Column
liquibase.structure.core.ForeignKey
liquibase.structure.core.Index
liquibase.structure.core.PrimaryKey
liquibase.structure.core.Schema
liquibase.structure.core.Sequence
liquibase.structure.core.Table
liquibase.structure.core.UniqueConstraint
liquibase.structure.core.View

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