Using Liquibase with Oracle Autonomous Database with ATP & ADW

Oracle Autonomous Database is an Oracle Cloud product with a set of services that deliver automated patching, upgrades, and tuning. It includes:

• Autonomous Transaction Processing (ATP) – an Autonomous Database service that can instantly scale to meet demands of mission critical transaction processing and mixed workload applications.
• Autonomous Data Warehouse (ADW) – a fully autonomous data warehousing environment that scales elastically, delivers fast query performance, and requires no database administration.

For more information, see the Oracle Cloud documentation page.

Verified versions

• 19c

Verification level

Note: A database's verification level indicates how well it works with different features in Liquibase and across different products, such as Liquibase Open Source and Liquibase Pro. For more information, see Database Verification Levels.

Foundational: Database has been tested and validated to deliver the basic functionality of change management and change tracking aligned with the database. Some additional advanced capabilities may be implemented. The Liquibase customer support team provides how-to/usage support around verified capabilities for commercial customers.

Prerequisites

1. Introduction to Liquibase – Dive into Liquibase concepts.
2. Install Liquibase – Download Liquibase on your machine.
3. Get Started with Liquibase – Learn how to use Liquibase with an example database.
4. Design Your Liquibase Project – Create a new Liquibase project folder and organize your changelogs
5. How to Apply Your Liquibase Pro License Key – If you use Liquibase Pro, activate your license.

Install drivers

To use Liquibase and Oracle Autonomous Database with ATP or Oracle ADW, you need the JDBC driver JAR file:

Ensure you downloaded the Oracle JDBC driver JAR file (Maven download) to connect to the Oracle Autonomous Database. You can download ojdbc8.jar or ojdbc10.jar. The ojdbc10.jar file is certified with JDK10 and JDK11, and the ojdbc8.jar file is certified with JDK8, JDK9, and JDK11.

Note: It is best practice to use the Oracle Database 18c (or higher) drivers. Also, the following additional .jar files are required: oraclepki.jar, osdt_cert.jar, and osdt_core.jar. For more information, see Using Oracle Autonomous Database on Shared Exadata Infrastructure.

Place your JAR file(s) in the liquibase/lib directory. If you use Maven, you must instead include the driver JAR as a dependency in your pom.xml file.

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
    <version>21.5.0.0</version>
</dependency>

Test your connection

Ensure that you have created:

• An Oracle Autonomous Database with ATP or ADW via the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console.
• An access control list while providing your IP address.

Ensure that your Oracle ATP or ADW database is configured:

1. Download the Wallet to connect to the database:
   1. Log into your Oracle Cloud account.
   2. Navigate to Autonomous Database and select DB Connection > Wallet Type > Download.
   3. Enter a secure password for the Wallet and download the ZIP file to save the client security credentials.
   4. Unzip the Wallet and place it somewhere safe in your file system to prevent unauthorized database access.
   5. Navigate to the Wallet folder and update the ojdbc.properties file with the following:
      • Comment out the oracle.net.wallet_location line.
      • Set javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword to the Wallet password that you entered to download the Wallet.
      • Set javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword to the Wallet password that you entered to download the Wallet.

      #oracle.net.wallet_location=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=${TNS_ADMIN})))
      javax.net.ssl.trustStore=${TNS_ADMIN}/truststore.jks
      javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=my_wallet_password
      javax.net.ssl.keyStore=${TNS_ADMIN}/keystore.jks
      javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword=my_wallet_password

   6. In the Wallet folder, open the sqlnet.ora and ensure that SSL_SERVER_DN_MATCH=yes.

Note: For alternative secure connection methods, see Connecting to Autonomous Database.

2. Specify the database URL in the liquibase.properties file (defaults file), along with other properties you want to set a default value for. Liquibase does not parse the URL. You can either specify the full database connection string or specify the URL using your database's standard JDBC format:

url: jdbc:oracle:thin:@<database_name>_high?TNS_ADMIN=/path/to/Wallet_<database_name>

Note: If you use Windows, ensure the TNS_ADMIN path to your wallet folder includes double slashes in the URL property.

Example: url: jdbc:oracle:thin:@databaseName_high?TNS_ADMIN=path//to//Wallet_databaseName

Tip: To apply a Liquibase Pro key to your project, add the following property to the Liquibase properties file: licenseKey: <paste code here>

3. Create a text file called changelog (.xml) in your project directory and add a changeset.

   If you already created a changelog using the init project command, you can use that instead of creating a new file. When adding onto an existing changelog, be sure to only add the changeset and to not duplicate the changelog header.

XML example

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<databaseChangeLog
    xmlns="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:ext="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog-ext"
    xmlns:pro="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/pro"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog
        http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog/dbchangelog-latest.xsd
        http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog-ext http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/dbchangelog/dbchangelog-ext.xsd
        http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/pro http://www.liquibase.org/xml/ns/pro/liquibase-pro-latest.xsd">

    <changeSet id="1" author="Liquibase">
        <createTable tableName="test_table">
            <column name="test_id" type="int">
                <constraints primaryKey="true"/>
            </column>
            <column name="test_column" type="varchar"/>
        </createTable>
    </changeSet>

</databaseChangeLog>

SQL example

-- liquibase formatted sql

-- changeset liquibase:1
CREATE TABLE test_table (test_id INT, test_column VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY (test_id))

Tip: Formatted SQL changelogs generated from Liquibase versions before 4.2 might cause issues because of the lack of space after a double dash ( -- ). To fix this, add a space after the double dash. For example: -- liquibase formatted sql instead of --liquibase formatted sql and -- changeset myname:create-table instead of --changeset myname:create-table.

YAML example

databaseChangeLog:
   - changeSet:
       id: 1
       author: Liquibase
       changes:
       - createTable:
           tableName: test_table
           columns:
           - column:
               name: test_column
               type: INT
               constraints:
                   primaryKey:  true
                   nullable:  false

JSON example

{
  "databaseChangeLog": [
    {
      "changeSet": {
        "id": "1",
        "author": "Liquibase",
        "changes": [
          {
            "createTable": {
              "tableName": "test_table",
              "columns": [
                {
                  "column": {
                    "name": "test_column",
                    "type": "INT",
                    "constraints": {
                      "primaryKey": true,
                      "nullable": false
                    }
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

4. Navigate to your project folder in the CLI and run the Liquibase status command to see whether the connection is successful:

liquibase status --username=test --password=test --changelog-file=<changelog.xml>

Note: You can specify arguments in the CLI or keep them in the Liquibase properties file.

If your connection is successful, you'll see a message like this:

4 changesets have not been applied to <your_jdbc_url>
Liquibase command 'status' was executed successfully.

5. Inspect the deployment SQL with the update-sql command:

liquibase update-sql --changelog-file=<changelog.xml>

6. Then make changes to your database with the update command:

liquibase update --changelog-file=<changelog.xml>

If your update is successful, Liquibase runs each changeset and displays a summary message ending with:

Liquibase: Update has been successful.
Liquibase command 'update' was executed successfully.

7. From a database UI tool, ensure that your database contains the test_table object you added along with the DATABASECHANGELOG table and DATABASECHANGELOGLOCK table.

Now you're ready to start making deployments with Liquibase!

Related links

• Oracle Database Documentation
• Oracle Autonomous Database Documentation
• Java Connectivity with Autonomous Database
• Using Oracle Autonomous Transaction Processing on Shared Exadata Infrastructure
• Download Client Credentials (Wallets)
• Change Types
• Liquibase Commands